Fracture Neck Femur
Department
Fracture Neck Femur
A fracture of the neck of the femur, often referred to as a hip fracture, is a serious injury that typically occurs in the elderly due to falls or in younger individuals due to high-impact trauma, such as car accidents. The femoral neck is the region just below the ball of the hip joint (the femoral head) and plays a crucial role in hip mobility and weight-bearing. Fractures in this area are particularly concerning because they can disrupt blood supply to the femoral head, potentially leading to complications like avascular necrosis, where bone tissue dies due to lack of blood flow.
Symptoms of a femoral neck fracture include severe pain in the hip or groin, inability to bear weight on the affected leg, and sometimes visible deformity or shortening of the leg. Diagnosis is usually confirmed through physical examination and imaging studies, such as X-rays or MRI scans, to determine the exact location and extent of the fracture.
Treatment depends on the patient’s age, overall health, and the nature of the fracture. Surgical options are common and may include internal fixation, where metal screws or plates are used to hold the bone fragments together, or hip replacement, either partial (hemiarthroplasty) or total, where the damaged parts of the hip joint are replaced with artificial components. Non-surgical treatment, involving traction and physical therapy, is less common and typically reserved for patients who cannot undergo surgery due to medical reasons.
Post-operative care involves pain management, physical therapy to restore mobility and strength, and measures to prevent complications such as blood clots or infections. Rehabilitation is crucial for recovery, aiming to get the patient back to their pre-injury level of activity. Preventative strategies, such as fall prevention, bone-strengthening exercises, and treating underlying conditions like osteoporosis, are essential to reduce the risk of future fractures.