Osteoporosis
Department
Osteoarthritis
Osteoporosis is a common bone disease characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue, leading to an increased risk of fractures, especially in the hips, spine, and wrists. It occurs when the creation of new bone doesn’t keep up with the removal of old bone, resulting in bones becoming weak and brittle. Osteoporosis often progresses silently, with no symptoms until a fracture occurs, earning it the nickname “the silent disease.”
Various factors contribute to the development of osteoporosis, including age, genetics, hormonal changes (especially in menopause for women), lifestyle factors such as diet and physical activity, and certain medical conditions or medications. Women are more susceptible to osteoporosis, particularly after menopause due to the decrease in estrogen levels, which accelerates bone loss.
The consequences of osteoporosis can be severe, as fractures associated with this condition can lead to pain, disability, loss of independence, and even premature death, especially in older adults. Prevention and early detection are crucial in managing osteoporosis. Lifestyle modifications such as regular weight-bearing exercises, a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, and fall prevention strategies can help reduce the risk of developing osteoporosis and fractures.
Diagnosis of osteoporosis is often made through bone density testing, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Treatment aims to slow down bone loss, prevent fractures, and improve bone density. This may include medications such as bisphosphonates, hormone therapy (for postmenopausal women), calcium and vitamin D supplements, and lifestyle modifications. By taking proactive steps to maintain bone health, individuals can reduce their risk of osteoporosis-related complications and maintain overall quality of life.